The main exports of Kyrgyzstan include nonferrous metals and minerals, woolen textiles and other agricultural products, electricity, and some engineering goods. For the year 1999, Kyrgyz exports to the US totaled $11.2 million, while US imports totaled $54.2 million. On the other hand, Kyrgyzstan’s imports were estimated at $4.187 billion in 2017. Exported items from Kyrgyzstan include gold and clothing. Oil, gas, machinery, chemicals, and food are major imports.
China – Kyrgyz
China and Kyrgyzstan are close neighbors with a long friendship history. China and Kyrgyzstan have maintained fairly tight links in trade, investment, regional politics, and cultural communication since establishing diplomatic relations and resolving border difficulties. Kyrgyzstan was one of the first countries to promote and participate in China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), and the two countries are expected to expand their cooperation in areas such as agriculture, infrastructure development, connectivity, and trade and investment facilitation.
As a result, China is ready to invest in infrastructure that will boost transportation links and ease goods commerce. The China-Kyrgyz-Uzbek Railway, which would provide the first trans-Central Asian railway from east to west and connect to other regional transport networks, and an expanded free trade zone and logistics center in the border province of Naryn have both been proposed as potential projects. The railway project, on the other hand, has yet to get off the ground, while the free trade zone idea has been shelved due to opposition. Border crossings are routinely clogged, and the problem has been aggravated by border closures owing to the Covid-19 outbreak.
Kyrgyz – Kazakhstan
According to the Eurasian Economic Commission, Kyrgyzstan and other Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) members exchanged $4.22 billion in mutual trade in 2019, with Kazakhstan accounting for 941.6 million, or 22.24 percent.
Kazakhstan, on the other hand, buys half as much from Kyrgyzstan as it exports, and imports are less diverse than exports. Precious metal ores and flour confectionery goods are the main Kyrgyz exports to Kazakhstan, according to Olzhas Tuleuov, managing director of AERC (Applied Economy Research Centre).
In 2019, Kyrgyzstan’s exports totaled 337.5 million dollars, while Kazakhstan’s exports totaled 604.04 million dollars. However, compared to 2018, Kazakhstan’s exports to Kyrgyzstan decreased by 8%, while Kyrgyzstan’s exports to Kazakhstan climbed by 25%.
USA – Kyrgyz
Humanitarian aid, non-lethal military help, and assistance to achieve economic and political reforms are all provided by the US government. It has also backed the Kyrgyz Republic’s appeals to international organizations for aid. For example, in December 1998, the United States assisted the Kyrgyz Republic in joining the World Trade Organization (WTO).
The United States helps the Kyrgyz Republic undertake needed economic, health-care, and educational reforms, as well as supporting economic development and conflict resolution in the Fergana Valley.
TIFA
The United States, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan signed a Trade and Investment Framework Agreement (TIFA) with the Kyrgyz Republic in June 2004. The TIFA’s goal is to create a forum for discussing trade issues and promoting trade and investment between the US and Central Asia. The TIFA also serves as a forum for discussing regional trade concerns that obstruct intra-regional commerce, economic development, and investment.
The TIFA establishes a United States-Central Asia Council on Trade and Investment, which will look into a variety of topics such as intellectual property, labor, environmental issues, and increasing the participation of small and medium-sized businesses in trade and investment, among others.
Armenia, Austria, Belarus, Canada, China, Finland, Germany, India, Iran, Kazakhstan, Lithuania, Malaysia, Moldova, Mongolia, Pakistan, Poland, Russia, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan are among the 27 countries with which the Kyrgyz Republic has signed double-taxation treaties. The United States and the Soviet Union signed a double taxation pact in 1973, which is still in place between the two countries.
The Kyrgyz Republic formally joined the Eurasian Economic Union in August 2015. (EAEU). However, most technical rules, such as taxes, tariffs, inspections, and standards, will take many years to completely execute. Several components of the deal have yet to be resolved, including the taxes amounts on specific items.
