With a rich cultural legacy and a resilient past, Cambodia is a Southeast Asian country that has developed a variety of international diplomatic ties throughout the years. Cambodia’s foreign policy represents its goals for stability and prosperity and is governed by the values of peace, impartiality, and international collaboration. In order to provide insight on Cambodia’s approach to global diplomacy, this article examines its foreign relations across eight major topics.

Guiding principles of Cambodian foreign policy

The Constitution of Cambodia and its adherence to neutrality and deviation serve as the foundation for its foreign policy. Cambodia currently places a higher priority on peace and independence in its dealings with the outside world after suffering through decades of strife throughout the 20th century. In an effort to promote regional peace, security, and economic progress, the Kingdom actively participates in multilateral diplomacy. In tackling global issues, Cambodia likewise adheres to the values of collaboration, non-interference, and respect for one another.

Cambodia and ASEAN

Since joining the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in 1999, the nation has been a key player in fostering regional growth and harmony. With the help of ASEAN, Cambodia can interact with its neighbours on a commercial, protection, and cultural level. The Kingdom demonstrated its leadership in tackling regional concerns including economic convergence and the South China Sea dispute by hosting the ASEAN Summit in 2012 and again in 2022. In addition to promoting prosperity and regional tranquilly, Cambodia’s involvement in ASEAN has strengthened its diplomatic and financial links with other countries.

Strategic partnership with China

One of Cambodia’s closest friends is China, with whom it is sometimes referred to as having a “comprehensive strategic partnership.” The two countries work closely together in fields including defence, building infrastructure, and trade. Significant construction projects, like as roads, bridges, and unique economic zones have been made possible by Chinese investments in Cambodia’s economy, especially through the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Although this collaboration has accelerated Cambodia’s progress, it has also come under fire for perhaps making the country more economically dependent on China.

Relations with the United States

The United States and Cambodia have a complex relationship that includes collaboration in trade, education, and security. The two countries continue to communicate and work together despite past conflicts over governance and human rights problems. The United States is a significant donor to the nation, funding demining, health, and education initiatives. The United States is a major export market for Cambodian goods including clothing and shoes, and trade connections are strong. Despite obstacles, Cambodia aims to keep up a positive working relationship with the US.

Ties with Japan and South Korea

South Korea and Japan are essential allies for the economic and social growth of the country. Japan has long been a major contributor and donor to Cambodia, concentrating on disaster relief, education, and building new structures. Mutual respect and common development objectives serve as the foundation for the close relationship between the two nations.

With increasing investments in tourism, innovation, and agriculture, South Korea has also strengthened its connections with Cambodia in recent years. The acceptance of K-pop and Korean media, among other cultural exchanges, has further improved people-to-people ties between the two countries.

Cambodia and the European Union

Trade and development cooperation are the main focusses of Cambodia’s engagement with the EU. With privileged access to European markets under the “Everything But Arms” (EBA) trade arrangement, the EU is one of Cambodia’s biggest trading partners. However, issues with Cambodia’s labour and human rights have made this connection difficult. In 2020, the EU called on Cambodia to strengthen its human rights and democracy record by temporarily suspending the EBA benefits. Notwithstanding these obstacles, communication between the two parties is still ongoing in an effort to improve their collaboration.

Engagement with the United Nations and Global Diplomacy

The country actively engages in international diplomacy as a United Nations member since 1955. The Kingdom demonstrates its dedication to global peace and security by supporting peacekeeping efforts. On international forums, the nation also promotes poverty reduction, climate action, and sustainable development. In order to solve urgent global concerns and stay in line with its local goals, Cambodia collaborates with non-governmental organisations and international organisations.

Future directions for Cambodian diplomacy

In the future, balance and diversity will probably be the main goals of Cambodia’s foreign policy. In order to lessen its economic dependence on a single partner, the nation is anticipated to pursue deeper alliances with other countries while preserving its close connections with China. Enhancing connections with Western nations and bolstering regional cooperation through ASEAN will also be top priority.

Furthermore, Cambodia’s focus on equitable growth, youth empowerment, and environmental mitigation will influence its political agenda in the years to come. The Kingdom’s capacity to maintain its sovereignty while navigating a variety of alliances will continue to be a key component of its foreign policy approach.

Cambodia supports peace, collaboration, and progress, as seen by its diplomatic ties with other countries. Cambodia has gradually increased its worldwide footprint through its alliances with major nations and its position in ASEAN. Despite ongoing difficulties, Cambodia is positioned as an influential and active member of the international community due to its tenacity and dedication to diplomacy.

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